What Happened This Year 1945
People Who Died in 1945
Zinaida Gippius
Born in 1869, a prominent figure in the Russian Symbolist movement, contributed to literature and journalism. Gippius was involved in the literary group that promoted new artistic expressions. Published various works, including poetry, essays, and plays, reflecting personal ideologies and social issues of the time. Engaged in political and cultural activities, advocating for women's rights and freedom of expression. Worked as an editor for literary journals, influencing the next generation of writers.
Continue ReadingOtto Neurath
Contributed significantly to the fields of philosophy and sociology, particularly through the development of the Vienna Circle and the theory of logical positivism. Introduced the concept of 'cooperative' as part of social knowledge and worked on the ISOTYPE (International System of Typographic Picture Education) methodology for visual statistics. Authored numerous works focusing on the relationship between language, science, and the social sciences, emphasizing the importance of empirical data and visual representation. His work combined elements of philosophy, sociology, and visual communication.
Continue ReadingMacpherson Robertson
Founded a successful confectionery company that became well-known for producing chocolate and other sweets. Established several philanthropic initiatives, particularly focused on education and health. Contributed to the development of institutions and organizations that support the community. Played a significant role in the growth of the Australian confectionery industry during the early 20th century.
Continue ReadingMilton S. Hershey
Born in 1857, a significant figure in the confectionery industry, founded The Hershey Company in 1894. After an unsuccessful initial venture, established a successful caramel company in Pennsylvania. In 1900, shifted focus to chocolate production, leading to the creation of a milk chocolate bar in 1900. The development of Hershey, Pennsylvania as a model town for employees highlighted commitment to community. The Hershey Company became a major player in the American chocolate market, famously partnering with various organizations to enhance production and distribution.
Continue ReadingAnders Lassen
Born in 1920, a soldier served with distinction during World War II. Enlisted in the Special Air Service (SAS), contributed to multiple operations in Europe and North Africa. Displayed exceptional bravery during the war, particularly in the actions in Italy, where significant contributions led to a Victoria Cross award. The soldier's valor in battle showcased extraordinary leadership and tactical skill.
Continue ReadingFranklin Carmichael
A Canadian painter associated with the Group of Seven, focused on landscape painting that showcased the natural beauty of Canada. Involved in the Group of Seven, which sought to create a distinctly Canadian art movement that depicted the country's wilderness. Contributed to the promotion of modernism in Canadian art. Also worked as a commercial artist and educator, influencing many through teaching.
Continue ReadingBoris Shaposhnikov
A prominent military leader in the Soviet Union, played a critical role during World War II. Served as the Chief of the General Staff and influenced Soviet military doctrine. Contributed to the development of military strategy and tactics that shaped the Red Army's operations. Authored several military manuals and texts on warfare, which became integral to Soviet military training and philosophy.
Continue ReadingConstantin Tănase
Born in 1880, an influential figure in Romanian theater, contributed significantly to the development of the comedic genre. Established a renowned theatre in Bucharest, becoming a prominent actor and playwright. Plays often featured social commentary and political satire, resonating with the public's experiences. The works spanned various themes, including love and national identity, and were characterized by their humor and relatability. Involved in the artistic and cultural movements of the times, shaping the landscape of Romanian performance art.
Continue ReadingShizuichi Tanaka
Served as a general in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. Played a key role in military operations in the Pacific Theater. Participated in the Battle of Iwo Jima, contributing to the strategic planning of the campaign. Involved in post-war trials, addressing military conduct and decisions made during the conflict.
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