What Happened This Year 1870
Born in 1870
Adolf Loos
An influential architect and theorist, contributed significantly to modern architecture in the early 20th century. Developed concepts that emphasized functionalism and rejected ornamental design. Authored the essay "Ornament and Crime," which argued against decorative elements in architecture. Designed notable structures including the Looshaus in Vienna and the American Bar, showcasing minimalist design principles.
Continue ReadingJadunath Sarkar
Contributed significantly to the field of history, focusing primarily on the Mughal Empire. Authored several foundational texts including 'History of Aurangzeb' and 'Rise and Fall of the Mughal Empire'. Served as a professor of history at the University of Calcutta, shaping the study of Indian history through rigorous methodologies. Developed a reputation as a leading scholar and critic of earlier historiography, advocating for a more nuanced understanding of India's past. Engaged in various academic pursuits and contributed to the establishment of history as a formal discipline in India.
Continue ReadingWalter Benona Sharp
Co-founded Hughes Tool Company, which specialized in manufacturing drill bits and well drilling equipment. The company became a significant player in the oil industry and contributed to advancements in drilling technology. Sharp's work focused on developing tools that enhanced efficiency in oil extraction, which was critical during the early 20th century oil boom. The company later played a substantial role in the growth of the oil and gas sector.
Continue ReadingEdward LeSaint
An American actor and director contributed significantly to early cinema. Career spanned from the silent film era to the advent of sound films, showcasing a range of talent both in front of and behind the camera. Directed and starred in several productions, leaving a mark on the film industry during the early 20th century. Gained recognition for directorial work and acting performances in multiple films.
Continue ReadingKarl Renner
A prominent Austrian lawyer and politician served as the 4th President of Austria from 1945 to 1950. Played a critical role in the establishment of the Second Republic of Austria after World War II. As a member of the Social Democratic Party, held various governmental positions, including the role of Chancellor. Contributed to the drafting of the Austrian State Treaty, which restored Austria's sovereignty.
Continue ReadingJohn Marin
Born in 1870, this artist became a prominent figure in American modernism, particularly noted for the use of watercolors and abstract forms. His career included a deep engagement with urban landscapes, coastal scenes, and the interplay of light and color. Marin's works often depicted New York City and the rugged coast of Maine. Exhibitions showcased his ability to capture the essence of his subjects through dynamic brushwork and vibrant palettes, contributing significantly to the development of modern art in the United States.
Continue ReadingVirginia Bolten
A prominent figure in Argentina's labor movement, played a pivotal role in advocating for women's rights and social justice in the early 20th century. Actively engaged in organizing workers and promoting feminist ideologies, contributed significantly to the development of trade unionism among women. Bolten's efforts were pivotal during the general strikes of the time, where she was instrumental in rallying workers. Additionally, established connections with various social movements, enhancing solidarity among labor and feminist groups.
Continue ReadingCharles Bennett
Competed in middle-distance running events, representing England in the early 20th century. Achieved a silver medal in the 1900 Summer Olympics in the 800 meters, becoming one of the pioneers in the sport. Also participated in multiple national championships, showcasing talent in various distances.
Continue ReadingEarl Gregg Swem
Contributed significantly to the field of history and bibliographic work, focusing on Virginia's historical documentation. Served as the first University Librarian at the College of William & Mary in Virginia, overseeing the development of library resources and collections. Authored several works on Virginia history and the American South, enhancing the academic understanding of these regions. Actively participated in state historical organizations and promoted historical preservation efforts.
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