What Happened This Year 1870

Born in 1870

Jadunath Sarkar

Indian historian and biographer
Born
December 10th, 1870 154 years ago
Died
May 19th, 1958 66 years ago — 87 years old

Contributed significantly to the field of history, focusing primarily on the Mughal Empire. Authored several foundational texts including 'History of Aurangzeb' and 'Rise and Fall of the Mughal Empire'. Served as a professor of history at the University of Calcutta, shaping the study of Indian history through rigorous methodologies. Developed a reputation as a leading scholar and critic of earlier historiography, advocating for a more nuanced understanding of India's past. Engaged in various academic pursuits and contributed to the establishment of history as a formal discipline in India.

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Adolf Loos

Austrian architect and theorist of modernism
Born
December 10th, 1870 154 years ago
Died
August 23rd, 1933 91 years ago — 62 years old

An influential architect and theorist, contributed significantly to modern architecture in the early 20th century. Developed concepts that emphasized functionalism and rejected ornamental design. Authored the essay "Ornament and Crime," which argued against decorative elements in architecture. Designed notable structures including the Looshaus in Vienna and the American Bar, showcasing minimalist design principles.

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Walter Benona Sharp

Businessman, co-founder of Hughes Tool
Born
December 12th, 1870 154 years ago
Died
1912 113 years ago — 42 years old

Co-founded Hughes Tool Company, which specialized in manufacturing drill bits and well drilling equipment. The company became a significant player in the oil industry and contributed to advancements in drilling technology. Sharp's work focused on developing tools that enhanced efficiency in oil extraction, which was critical during the early 20th century oil boom. The company later played a substantial role in the growth of the oil and gas sector.

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Edward LeSaint

Actor and director, The Winning of Barbara Worth
Born
December 13th, 1870 154 years ago
Died
1940 85 years ago — 70 years old

An American actor and director contributed significantly to early cinema. Career spanned from the silent film era to the advent of sound films, showcasing a range of talent both in front of and behind the camera. Directed and starred in several productions, leaving a mark on the film industry during the early 20th century. Gained recognition for directorial work and acting performances in multiple films.

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Karl Renner

Austrian lawyer and politician, 4th President of Austria
Born
December 14th, 1870 154 years ago
Died
1950 75 years ago — 80 years old

A prominent Austrian lawyer and politician served as the 4th President of Austria from 1945 to 1950. Played a critical role in the establishment of the Second Republic of Austria after World War II. As a member of the Social Democratic Party, held various governmental positions, including the role of Chancellor. Contributed to the drafting of the Austrian State Treaty, which restored Austria's sovereignty.

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John Marin

American painter known for modernist works
Born
December 23rd, 1870 154 years ago
Died
October 1st, 1953 71 years ago — 82 years old

Born in 1870, this artist became a prominent figure in American modernism, particularly noted for the use of watercolors and abstract forms. His career included a deep engagement with urban landscapes, coastal scenes, and the interplay of light and color. Marin's works often depicted New York City and the rugged coast of Maine. Exhibitions showcased his ability to capture the essence of his subjects through dynamic brushwork and vibrant palettes, contributing significantly to the development of modern art in the United States.

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Virginia Bolten

Argentine feminist trade unionist
Born
December 26th, 1870 154 years ago
Died
1960 65 years ago — 90 years old

A prominent figure in Argentina's labor movement, played a pivotal role in advocating for women's rights and social justice in the early 20th century. Actively engaged in organizing workers and promoting feminist ideologies, contributed significantly to the development of trade unionism among women. Bolten's efforts were pivotal during the general strikes of the time, where she was instrumental in rallying workers. Additionally, established connections with various social movements, enhancing solidarity among labor and feminist groups.

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Charles Bennett

English middle-distance runner, Olympian
Born
December 28th, 1870 154 years ago
Died
1949 76 years ago — 79 years old

Competed in middle-distance running events, representing England in the early 20th century. Achieved a silver medal in the 1900 Summer Olympics in the 800 meters, becoming one of the pioneers in the sport. Also participated in multiple national championships, showcasing talent in various distances.

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Earl Gregg Swem

Historian and bibliographer specializing in Virginia
Born
December 29th, 1870 154 years ago
Died
1965 60 years ago — 95 years old

Contributed significantly to the field of history and bibliographic work, focusing on Virginia's historical documentation. Served as the first University Librarian at the College of William & Mary in Virginia, overseeing the development of library resources and collections. Authored several works on Virginia history and the American South, enhancing the academic understanding of these regions. Actively participated in state historical organizations and promoted historical preservation efforts.

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