What Happened This Year 1908

Born in 1908

Behçet Kemal Çağlar

Turkish poet and politician
Born
1908 117 years ago
Died
October 24th, 1969 55 years ago — 61 years old

A prominent figure in Turkish literature and politics, the individual was a significant contributor to poetry with a focus on themes of nationalism and modernity. Engaging in leftist politics, active participation in various political movements marked the career. The work 'Göl Saatleri' remains a critical piece in Turkish poetry, reflecting on social and political issues. Additionally, involvement in the Turkish parliamentary system shaped public discourse on literature and art. The life's work encompassed both creative expression and civic engagement, cementing a legacy within two realms.

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Claude Lévi-Strauss

Anthropologist, Structuralism founder
Born
1908 117 years ago
Died
October 30th, 2009 15 years ago — 101 years old

Contributed significantly to anthropology and ethnology, particularly through the development of structuralism. Explored the underlying structures of human thought and culture. Worked on various aspects of cultural phenomena, including myths, kinship, and social practices, particularly in the context of indigenous cultures. Published influential works, such as 'Tristes Tropiques' and 'The Savage Mind', which reshaped the understanding of anthropological methodology and theory.

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George Oppen

American poet and Pulitzer Prize winner
Born
1908 117 years ago
Died
July 7th, 1984 40 years ago — 76 years old

An American poet and author, associated with the Objectivist movement in poetry, contributed significantly to modernist literature. Oppen's work often explored themes of politics and reality, reflecting a commitment to social justice. His poetry collections include 'Discrete Series' and 'Of Being Numerous,' the latter winning the Pulitzer Prize in 1976. Oppen's distinct style, characterized by precision and economy of language, left a lasting influence on modern poetry.

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Jacques Massu

French general and military leader
Born
1908 117 years ago
Died
October 26th, 2002 22 years ago — 94 years old

A French general gained prominence during the Algerian War of Independence. Commanded paratroopers known for their decisive actions in major battles, particularly in the Battle of Algiers, which showcased unconventional warfare strategies. After the war, played influential roles in the French military and politics, advocating for modernization and integration of military structures. Served as a military advisor during the French intervention in the Suez Crisis. Retired from active duty with the rank of general and became a prominent figure in French defense discussions.

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Julie Campbell Tatham

American author of children's books
Born
1908 117 years ago
Died
July 7th, 1999 25 years ago — 91 years old

An American author specialized in children’s literature, particularly in crafting engaging stories for young readers. Achieved recognition for writing the 'Trixie Belden' series, which featured an adventurous teenage amateur detective. The series contributed significantly to the genre of children's mysteries. Began writing in the 1940s and continued to create stories that captivated children for decades. The character of Trixie Belden became a staple in children's reading and led to many sequels. In addition to children's books, ventured into writing for adults, demonstrating a versatile writing style.

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Gustav Ernesaks

Estonian composer and conductor
Born
1908 117 years ago
Died
January 24th, 1993 32 years ago — 85 years old

A prominent Estonian composer and conductor, contributed significantly to the development of choral music in Estonia. Ernesaks served as the artistic director of the Estonian Song Festival, emphasizing the importance of national identity through music. His compositions often reflected Estonian folklore and traditional melodies, blending them with modern choral techniques. Ernesaks was active in promoting choral singing and organized numerous performances, ensuring the continuation of Estonian musical heritage.

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Ramon Vila Capdevila

Last of the Spanish Maquis leaders
Born
1908 117 years ago
Died
August 7th, 1963 61 years ago — 55 years old

Served as a leader in the Spanish Maquis, an anti-Franco guerrilla movement following the Spanish Civil War. Continued to resist the dictatorship in the mountainous regions of Spain well after the war had officially ended. Engaged in various military operations against the Spanish regime. Became a symbol of resistance against oppression. After years of struggle, Vila Capdevila was captured and assassinated by government forces.

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Ebrahim Al-Arrayedh

Indian poet and author of Bahrain
Born
1908 117 years ago
Died
May 1st, 2002 22 years ago — 94 years old

An influential poet and author contributed significantly to literature in Arabic. His writings often explored themes of identity and culture, reflecting the experiences of the Indian community in Bahrain. Worked to bridge Arabic and Indian literary traditions through poetry and prose. Published several collections that gained recognition in literary circles and continued to inspire future generations of writers. Engaged in various cultural initiatives to promote literature in Bahrain.

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Miriam Rothschild

Zoologist and entomologist, author
Born
1908 117 years ago
Died
January 20th, 2005 20 years ago — 97 years old

A zoologist and entomologist contributed significantly to the understanding of insect behavior and ecology. Authored several works on natural history and biodiversity, including 'The Mildew and the Wolf,' which explored the relationship between humans and the natural world. Conducted extensive research on parasites and their impact on hosts, especially in relation to disease ecology. Served as a key figure in the field of environmental conservation, promoting awareness of ecological issues throughout her career.

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