What Happened This Year 1913

Born in 1913

Jacobo Árbenz

Guatemalan politician and president
Born
September 14th, 1913 111 years ago
Died
January 27th, 1971 54 years ago — 57 years old

A significant political figure in Guatemala, served as the 25th President from 1951 to 1954. Implemented agrarian reform aimed at redistributing land to improve economic conditions for the rural population. Oversaw policies that promoted education and healthcare, while also facing opposition from powerful landowners and the United States government. His presidency ended in a U.S.-backed coup, which led to the eventual long-term civil conflict in Guatemala.

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John N. Mitchell

United States Attorney General
Born
September 15th, 1913 111 years ago
Died
November 9th, 1988 36 years ago — 75 years old

Served as the 67th Attorney General of the United States from 1969 to 1972. Played a key role in the Nixon administration, notably during the Watergate scandal. Prior to this role, practiced law and held positions within the Republican Party. Contributed to various legal strategies impacting national policies and legal frameworks. Served time in prison following conviction for conspiracy and obstruction of justice related to the Watergate affair.

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Henry Brant

Composer and conductor of orchestral works
Born
September 15th, 1913 111 years ago
Died
2008 17 years ago — 95 years old

Born in 1913, this Canadian-American composer and conductor significantly contributed to the world of orchestral music. Brant's work often blended elements of classical composition with innovative spatial features, making him a pioneer in the use of live sound in various environments. His notable pieces include 'Concerto for Orchestra' and 'Alaskan Suite,' showcasing his unique approach to orchestration. As a conductor, he led several ensembles and was influential in the development of new music. In 2002, he won the Pulitzer Prize for Music for his composition 'Concerto Grosso,' which further solidified his standing in contemporary classical music.

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Bruno Hoffmann

Glass harp player and composer
Born
September 15th, 1913 111 years ago
Died
April 11th, 1991 33 years ago — 77 years old

A prominent glass harp player, contributed significantly to the artistic expression of glass music. Created and performed numerous compositions that showcased the unique sound of the glass harp, an instrument crafted from varying sizes of glass bowls. Gained recognition for performances that blended classical and contemporary styles, capturing the interest of audiences across Europe. Participated in various concerts and festivals, illustrating the versatility and beauty of the glass harp. Helped to revive interest in this rare instrument during the 20th century, inspiring a new generation of musicians.

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Johannes Steinhoff

German general and fighter pilot
Born
September 15th, 1913 111 years ago
Died
February 21st, 1994 31 years ago — 80 years old

A distinguished German general and pilot, contributed significantly during World War II as a Luftwaffe fighter pilot. Achieved high honors and recognition for aerial combat success, becoming one of the top aces of the conflict. After the war, played a key role in the post-war defense landscape of Germany, serving as a general in the Luftwaffe of the Bundeswehr. Involved in the re-establishment of the German Air Force, focusing on modernizing its structure and capabilities. Advocated for integrated NATO operations and flew multiple types of aircraft throughout his career, earning accolades for leadership and expertise.

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Frances Farmer

American actress in 'Come and Get It'
Born
September 19th, 1913 111 years ago
Died
August 1st, 1970 54 years ago — 56 years old

An actress emerged during the 1930s, became notable for roles in films such as 'Come and Get It' and 'Son of Fury'. Her career was marked by significant personal struggles, including mental health issues and conflicts with the Hollywood studio system. She spent time in mental institutions, which interrupted her acting career. After her struggles, she returned to the screen in the 1950s with appearances in television shows. She revealed her life story in a memoir detailing her experiences in Hollywood and her personal challenges.

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Sidney Dillon Ripley

American ornithologist and academic
Born
September 20th, 1913 111 years ago
Died
2001 24 years ago — 88 years old

Contributed significantly to the field of ornithology through extensive research, field studies, and academic leadership. Served as the secretary of the Smithsonian Institution from 1964 to 1984, overseeing the institution's growth and development. Authored numerous publications, focusing on bird conservation and ecological studies. Advocated for environmental issues and contributed to the establishment of several national wildlife refuges.

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Carl-Henning Pedersen

Danish painter and sculptor, abstractionist
Born
September 23rd, 1913 111 years ago
Died
2007 18 years ago — 94 years old

Associated with the CoBrA art movement, a Danish painter and sculptor contributed significantly to abstract art. Focused on bright colors and organic shapes, the work explored themes of nature and mythology. Held multiple exhibitions in Denmark and internationally, showcasing a distinctive style that blended figurative and abstract elements. Worked in various mediums, including painting and sculpture, highlighting influences from Surrealism and Expressionism. Contributed to Danish art through innovative techniques and an emphasis on personal expression.

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Herb Jeffries

American singer and actor, 'The Bronze Buckaroo'
Born
September 24th, 1913 111 years ago
Died
May 25th, 2014 10 years ago — 100 years old

A prominent American singer and actor, celebrated for his contributions to the musical and film genres of the early to mid-20th century. Gained recognition as the first African American singing cowboy in films, particularly for the character 'The Bronze Buckaroo' in the 1930s. His involvement in music spanned various genres, including jazz, pop, and country. Throughout a career extending over six decades, Jeffries recorded numerous albums and singles while also appearing in multiple films. His performances were marked by a smooth baritone voice and charismatic stage presence, leading to a dedicated following. He later transitioned to live performances, showcasing his vocal talents in various venues.

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