What Happened This Year 1938
People Who Died in 1938
Clarence Darrow
A prominent attorney in the early 20th century, this individual gained recognition for defending high-profile clients in several landmark cases. The defense of John Scopes in the Scopes Monkey Trial represented a significant moment in the American legal landscape, addressing themes of science versus religion. Additionally, defended Leopold and Loeb in a notorious murder case, which raised questions about morality and criminal psychology. Authored multiple works advocating for civil liberties and justice reform.
Continue ReadingYondonwangchug
Yondonwangchug played a significant role in the Mongolian Revolution of 1921, contributing to the establishment of the Mongolian People's Republic. Holding various governmental positions, he worked towards promoting national sovereignty and governance. His leadership was pivotal in shaping early Mongolian politics and administration during a formative period in the country's history. This individual's efforts also included engaging in diplomatic relations as Mongolia sought to define its identity and status in the early 20th century.
Continue ReadingWilliam Stern
A prominent psychologist and philosopher, contributed to the field of psychology, particularly in the study of intelligence and personality. Pioneered the concept of 'intelligence quotient' and developed the Stern scale for measuring intelligence. Worked on the formation of the first psychological laboratory in the United States. Engaged in significant research on the relationship between intelligence and education, influencing educational psychology. Active in various professional organizations, contributing to the development of standardized testing.
Continue ReadingVerner Lehtimäki
A prominent figure in Finnish revolutionary movements during the early 20th century, worked towards Finland's independence from Russia. Actively participated in the Finnish Civil War in 1918, aligning with the White forces against the Reds. After the war, served in various political positions and continued advocating for nationalist causes until death.
Continue ReadingHelena Westermarck
A Finnish artist and writer engaged in literature and painting, contributing significantly to Finnish culture. Westermarck's literary career included works that explored themes of identity and society. Additionally, Westermarck was instrumental in the development of children's literature in Finland, writing engaging stories that captivated young readers. Her artistic endeavors included creating paintings that depicted Finnish landscapes and traditional life, showcasing the beauty of her home country. The combination of her literary and artistic talents left a lasting influence on Finnish art and literature, making her a prominent figure in the cultural history of Finland.
Continue ReadingSuzanne Valadon
An influential French painter, played a significant role in the Post-Impressionist movement. Initially a model for artists such as Pierre-Auguste Renoir and Toulouse-Lautrec, transitioned to painting and developed a distinctive style characterized by bold colors and expressive brushwork. Valadon became the first woman admitted to the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts and was known for her depictions of everyday life, particularly of women. Many of her works feature subjects taken from modern life, challenging traditional representations of female figures. Valadon’s work gained recognition during her lifetime and continued to influence artists in subsequent generations.
Continue ReadingKing Oliver
A prominent cornet player and bandleader in the early 20th century, contributed significantly to the development of jazz music. Led the Creole Jazz Band, one of the first African American bands to gain nationwide fame. Performed with notable musicians such as Louis Armstrong, influencing the course of jazz in America. Recorded several influential pieces that showcased the New Orleans style of music. Helped to popularize the use of improvisation in jazz, leaving a lasting legacy in the genre.
Continue ReadingFeodor Chaliapin
Born in Russia, a prominent opera singer achieved acclaim for remarkable vocal abilities. Gained fame in the early 20th century, performing leading roles in operas like 'Boris Godunov' and 'Don Giovanni'. Worked with renowned orchestras and staged productions across Europe and America, earning a significant place in operatic history.
Continue ReadingGrey Owl
An English-Canadian environmentalist and author played a significant role in promoting conservation and wildlife protection. Residing in Canada, wrote extensively about the importance of natural landscapes and the impact of industrialization. Authored notable works such as 'The Men of the Last Frontier' and 'Pilgrims of the Wild', which raised awareness about ecological issues. Became a key figure in advocating for the preservation of Canada's wilderness and Indigenous cultures.
Continue Reading