What Happened This Year 1945
People Who Died in 1945
Francis William Aston
Contributed significantly to the field of chemistry and physics through the development of the mass spectrograph. This innovation allowed for precise measurements of atomic masses and the identification of isotopes, which advanced the understanding of chemical elements. Received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1922 for the invention of the mass spectrograph and the discovery of isotopes. Held various academic positions throughout his career and published numerous scientific papers, which furthered research in atomic structure and behavior.
Continue ReadingRobert Benchley
A prominent humorist and newspaper columnist, contributed significantly to American literature and entertainment during the early to mid-20th century. Wrote a series of humorous essays that appeared in publications such as The New Yorker. Gained recognition for the ability to blend wit with poignant observations of everyday life. Also acted in several films, including the adaptation of his own work titled 'The Spy'. His style influenced many writers and comedians who followed.
Continue ReadingEllen Glasgow
Born in 1873, this author became prominent in the early 20th century with works focusing on the American South and women's experiences. Notable for capturing the intricacies of Southern life, significant novels include 'Barren Ground' and 'The Descendant'. Received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1942 for 'In This Our Life'. A member of the Southern literary tradition, her writings reflect themes of social change, tradition, and conflict. The author influenced Southern literature and showcased the challenges that women faced in society during her time.
Continue ReadingAlexander Patch
Served as a general in the United States Army during World War II. Commanded the U.S. Seventh Army in the Mediterranean Theater. Played a significant role in the invasion of southern France in August 1944, which facilitated the Allies' advance into Germany. Known for leadership during the Battle of the Colmar Pocket in early 1945. Contributed to various military strategies that were pivotal in the European theatre.
Continue ReadingDwight F. Davis
Competed in tennis during the early 20th century and won the first Davis Cup in 1900. Served as the 49th U.S. Secretary of War from 1925 to 1929 under President Calvin Coolidge. In addition to contributions in sports, played a significant role in military leadership and policy during his tenure. After leaving public office, continued involvement in tennis and promoting the sport internationally.
Continue ReadingRichárd Weisz
Competed in the heavyweight wrestling category during the early 20th century. Achieved significant success at the Olympic Games. Secured a gold medal at the 1900 Paris Olympics, becoming one of Hungary's early heroes in the sport. His contributions to wrestling have been recognized, and his legacy endures through the impact he had on Hungarian wrestling.
Continue ReadingThomas Hunt Morgan
A geneticist and biologist, he contributed significantly to the understanding of inheritance and gene linkage through work with the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Morgan's experiments established the chromosomal theory of inheritance, demonstrating that genes are located on chromosomes. For these contributions, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1933. His research laid the foundation for modern genetics, influencing future studies in heredity and gene mapping. He also taught at several institutions, including Columbia University, where he furthered the study of genetics.
Continue ReadingEdmund Dwyer-Gray
Born in Ireland and later migrating to Australia, served as the 29th Premier of Tasmania. Held office from 1923 to 1928, led the Tasmanian Labor Party and engaged in various legislative reforms during the tenure. Worked on improving infrastructure and addressing social issues within the state, contributing to the development of Tasmania’s economy and public services.
Continue ReadingYun Chi-ho
A prominent figure in late 19th and early 20th century Korea, engaged in political reform and modernization processes. Participated in the establishment of the Korean National Assembly. Advocated for Korean independence against Japanese colonial rule. Helped draft the Korean Constitution in 1919, promoting democratic ideals. Contributed to educational reforms and supported the advancement of civil rights.
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