What Happened This Year 1918
People Who Died in 1918
Ferdinand Hodler
A prominent Swiss painter emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Worked primarily in the styles of Symbolism and realism. Developed a distinctive technique characterized by bold colors and expressive forms. Major themes included the human condition and Swiss landscapes. Contributed significantly to the development of modern art in Switzerland with a focus on emotional depth. Participated in various exhibitions across Europe and received recognition for the unique qualities of his work. His paintings often explored themes of love, death, and the passage of time, reflecting both personal experiences and broader cultural narratives.
Continue ReadingJurgis Bielinis
Born in 1846, a significant figure in Lithuanian literature and nationalism. Engaged in the clandestine distribution of Lithuanian literature during the Russian Empire's restrictions on the language. Played a crucial role in the movement to preserve and promote Lithuanian culture. Established connections with various Lithuanian communities to facilitate the smuggling and dissemination of banned literature, contributing to the cultural awakening of Lithuania.
Continue ReadingRaoul Lufbery
Born in 1885, served as a soldier and pilot during World War I. Joined the Lafayette Escadrille, a group of American volunteer pilots in the French Air Force. Achieved fame as a flying ace, credited with 17 aerial victories. Later transferred to the United States Army Air Service and continued to demonstrate exceptional skill in aerial combat. His service contributed to the Allied efforts in gaining air superiority during the war.
Continue ReadingGrand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia
Born into the Russian imperial family, one of the grand duchess sisters of Tsar Nicholas II, held the title of Grand Duchess from birth. Participated in charitable activities and served as a nurse during World War I. Suffered the trials of the Russian Revolution alongside her family, ultimately facing execution in 1918. The life journey reflected royal obligations intertwined with the significant upheaval of early 20th-century Russia.
Continue ReadingHubert Parry
A prominent English composer and historian born in 1848, contributions to music include choral and orchestral compositions. Composed the popular hymn 'Jerusalem', which became an emblem of English patriotism. Parry also served as a music educator, influencing generations of musicians. His work in historical musicology established foundations for understanding English music's development during the 19th and early 20th centuries.
Continue ReadingMarianne Cope
Born in Germany, immigrated to the United States at a young age. Entered the Sisters of St. Francis in 1862 and dedicated life to caring for the marginalized and sick. Served in Hawaii, where facilitated the establishment of facilities for individuals suffering from leprosy. Contributed to the formation of a hospital in Kalaupapa for leprosy patients. Canonized as a saint in 2012, recognized for commitment to service and compassion.
Continue ReadingCésar Cui
Born in 1835, this individual served as a Russian general while also making significant contributions to music as a composer and music critic. Active during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, he became associated with the Mighty Handful, a group of Russian composers. His compositions include operas, piano works, and songs, incorporating Russian folk melodies and themes. Besides composing, he wrote music criticism that helped shape public understanding of music.
Continue ReadingNicholas II of Russia
Born in 1868, the last Emperor of Russia ruled from 1894 until his abdication in 1917 during the Russian Revolution. Nicholas II faced numerous challenges, including military defeats in World War I and widespread social unrest. His reign saw the fall of the Russian Empire, and he and his family were executed by Bolsheviks in 1918. Historically significant, his reign marked the end of over three centuries of Romanov rule.
Continue ReadingFanny Kaplan
Born in Ukraine, played a significant role in revolutionary activities against the Bolsheviks. Kaplan opposed the policies of the Soviet regime and was a member of the Socialist Revolutionary Party. In 1918, attempted to assassinate leading Bolshevik figure Vladimir Lenin, resulting in severe consequences for her. Captured, she was put on trial and executed in 1919. Kaplan's actions symbolized the resistance against authoritarianism during this tumultuous period in Russian history.
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